Space

Space is what we see up in the sky. We see stars, planets and a vast expanse of empty space in between them. There are billions of stars and galaxies in the space beyond our planet earth. The expense of space is so vast that even billions of stars, mostly much larger that the sun cannot illuminate it. So it is so vast dark a cold. Space is said to begin about 160 km (100 miles) above the earth. As well as being cold dark it is also silent and airless. It is thus a hostile environment. In the dark space only stars shine.

Space is subjected to extreme heat and cold and is crises – crossed by belts of dangerous radiations. Since early civilizations man has tried to understand – what the space is all about? How the planet earth fits into the space and into the rest of the universe that lies beyond? Early astronomers tried to explain the movements of stars and planets in the space. Today with the help of the most sophisticated technology available the man is able to tell what lies in the space. This technology also helps the man pressure his quest further.

Phoenicians

For a thousand years (1400 – 400 B.C) a collection of people called Phoenicians played a great part in history. They lived in harbors on the coast of what is now Syria and Lebanon. They were a Semitic people and descended like the Hebrews from the Greek word phonons which in about 2000 B.C and built towns on the word. Phoenicia ion history began in about 1600 B.C. Their most famous town’s foreign rule or influences are Egypt, Assyria, Babylon, Persia, Macedon, and Rome. But for them commerce was more important than politics. Love of profit and adventure guided their study ships they sailed round Africa, passed through the Pillars of Hercules to the Atlantic and reached the shores of Britain. They mined tin in the silly isles. Where ever they went they traded – in timber, salves, spices, amber, and gems, copper.

Mars’ Structure

The neighboring planet of the earth mars shows similarities to the earth as well. The planet, like the earth, has brilliant white caps at its poles that change with Martian seasons. White poles are covered with Martian seasons. White poles are covered with dry ice or dry co2 which melts in summer uncovering a surface or rocks and forms again in winter.

There are high mountains, deep craters, enormous volcanoes and deserts. There are high mountains, deep craters, enormous again in winter. There are dried – up river beds, showing mars was warmer and wetter and have plenty of water and have the dried up river beds were observed by a rich amateur interpreted them as water carrying canals built by an advanced Marian civilizations.

Percival Lowell thought that mars were inhabited and the canals took water from the polar caps to dry farm land.All his observations turned out to be optical illusion. The young mars were fully molten for a short time during the formation of the solar system. The rabid solidification of the mars prevented heavier materials like iron, to sink to the bottom. This made mars core smaller than those of the other rocky planets.

Mars and its Smallest Moons

The brightest red star in the earth’s sky is in fact the planet mars. The planet’s deep red colour led to its being named after the god of war mars. The red color, the most distinctive feature of the planet, comes from rock and dust which cover its surface. The rocks had been measure up to 1 meter across. The dusty soil is rust colored because of iron oxide. Winds from dunes in some regions and wind borne dust gives the Martian sky a permanent pinkish tinge. At certain times wind speeds increase to over 100 km (62 miles) per hour, blowing up strong storms that lasts for months. Mars is half the size of earth and has a thin atmosphere of carbon dioxide in which clouds from. Its creativity is about half that of earth. Spacecraft have been reveled several gigantic volcanoes and a set of canyons called the valleys mariners.

This canyon is ten times longer and four times deeper than the Grand Canyon in the united status. The Viking space craft searched for life on mars, but no traces of life were found. Some scientists believe they have found fossils of Martian cells in a meteorite. Mars takes about 24 hours, 37 minutes and 23 seconds to spin on its axis and 657 days to orbit around the sun once at an average distance of 228 million km (142 million miles).


Demos and Photos are the smallest known moon or satellites in the solar system. These were discovered in 1977 as more pinpoints of light and even through most powerful telescope they look specks of light. Mariner – 9 which orbited the mars in 1971 took photographs of mars moons showing them to be irregularly – shaped, created lumps of rocks. These have been believed to be the rocky members of asteroid, creature’s lumps after mythical servant of the god mars.